Design Street Parking With The Intersection Control App

Index
Streets
Street Design Elements
Interim Design Strategies
Intersections
Intersection Design Elements
Design Controls
Endorsement Campaign
Project Team
About the Guide
Foreword
All Guides

Intersections are a critical aspect of street design as the point where motorist, bicycle, and pedestrian movements converge. Successful intersection design addresses all mobility and safety goals as well as opportunities to enhance the public realm. This section explores intersection design and operation, from signal timing to crosswalks, and investigates each concept as it relates to citywide goals for safety, mobility, and more vibrant, accessible public spaces.

Adapted from the Urban Street Design Guide, published by Island Press.

Subsections:

Crosswalks and Crossings

Safe and frequent crosswalks support a walkable urban environment. Crosswalks should be applied where pedestrian traffic is anticipated and encouraged. While application of crosswalk markings alone is not a viable safety measure in all situations, crosswalks benefit

Conventional Crosswalks

Midblock Crosswalks

Pedestrian Safety Islands

Corner Radii

Visibility/Sight Distance

Traffic Signals

Equally important to the allocation of space, in the form of street cross-sections and geometry, is the allocation of time, performed by traffic signals. Space and time in combination govern how streets operate and how well they provide mobility, safety,

Signalization Principles

Leading Pedestrian Interval

Signal Cycle Lengths

Fixed vs. Actuated Signalization

Coordinated Signal Timing

References for Intersection Design Elements : 58 found.

Murat, Yetis Sazi. "A New Approach for Modeling Vehicle Delay at Isolated Signalized Intersections." ITE Journal on the Web 69-74 , Institute of Transportation Engineers , Washington, DC .
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. "A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets." American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials , American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials , Washington, DC .
Nitzburg, Marsha, & Richard L Knoblauch. "An Evaluation of High-Visibility Crosswalk Treatments-Clearwater, Florida." Federal Highway Administration Report FHWA-RD-00-105, 1-21 , US Department of Transportation , Washington, DC .
McGrane, Ann, and Meghan Mitman. "An Overview and Recommendations of High-Visibility Crosswalk Markings Styles." Federal Highway Administration Report DTFHGI-11-H-00024 1-4 , US Department of Transportation , Washington, DC .
Akgungor, Ali Payidar & Bullen, A. Graham R.. "Analytical Delay Models for Signalized Intersections." Institute of Transportation Engineers , Institute of Transportation Engineers , Las Vegas, NV .
Toole Design Group. "Boston Complete Streets Design Guide: Crosswalk Design." Boston Transportation Department , City of Boston , Boston, MA .
Fox Tuttle Transportation Group. "Pedestrian Crossing Treatment Installation Guidelines." Transportation Division , City of Boulder , Boudler, CO .
Charlotte Department of Transportation. "Urban Streets Design Guide, Appendix C: Curb Return Radii Design Guidelines." Charlotte Department of Transportation , City of Charlotte , Charlotte, NC .
Halupka, Paul, Lippens, Paul, Persky, Dan, & Woodall, Amanda. "Complete Streets Complete Networks: A Manual for the Design of Active Transportation." Active Transportation Alliance , Active Transportation Alliance , Chicago, IL .
Darma, Yusria, Mohamed R Karim, Jamilah Mohamad, & Sulaiman Abdullah. "Control Delay Variability at Signalized Intersection Based on HCM Method." University of Malaya , Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies , Tokyo .
Levine, Kendra. "Curb Radius and Injury Severity at Intersections." Institute of Transportation Studies Library , University of California , Berkeley, CA .
Branyan, George. "DC Experience with the HAWK-Hybrid Pedestrian Signal and Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacons." District Department of Transportation , District Department of Transportation , Washington, DC .
Koonce, Peter, John Ringert, Tom Urbanik, Willie Rotich, & Bill Kloos. "Detection Range Setting Methodology for Signal Priority." Journal of Public Transportation 5(2), 115-135 , National Center for Transit Research , Tampa, FL .
Noyce, David A & Billie L Bentzen. "Determination of Pedestrian Pushbutton Activation Duration at Typical Signalized Intersections." Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1939 (1), 63-68 , Transportation Research Board , Washington, DC .
Dougald, Lance E. "Development of Guidelines for the Installation of Marked Crosswalks." Virginia Transportation Research Council , Virginia Department of Transportation & University of Virginia , Charlottesville, VA .
Russo, Ryan, et al. "Don't Cut Corners: Left Turn Pedestrian & Bicyclist Crash Study." New York City Department of Transportation , New York .
Mitman, Meghan Fehlig, Doug Cooper, Brooke DuBose, & Swati Pande. "Driver/Pedestrian Behavior at Marked and Unmarked Crosswalks in the Tahoe Basin." California Path Program , Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California , Berkeley, CA .
Chada, Shireen & Robert Newland. "Effectiveness of Bus Signal Priority." National Center for Transit Research and Center for Urban Transportation Research , College of Engineering, University of South Florida , Tampa, FL .
Van Houten, Ron, Ralph Ellis, & Jin-Lee Kim. "Effects of Various Minimum Green Times on Percentage of Pedestrians Waiting for Midblock 'Walk' Signal." Transportation Research Record No. 2002 78-83 , Transportation Research Board , Washington, DC .
Bonneson, James A & Fontaine, Michael D.. "Engineering Study Guide for Evaluating Intersection Improvements." National Cooperative Highway Research Program , Transportation Research Board , Washington, DC .
Hughes, Ronald, Herman Huang, Charles Zeeger, and Michael Cynecki. "Evaluation of Automated Pedestrian Detection at Signalized Intersections." Highway Safety Research Center, University of North Carolina , Federal Highway Administration , Washington, DC .
Zegeer, Charles V, Richard Blomberg, David Henderson, Scott Masten, Lauren Marchetti, Marvin M Levy, Yingling Fan, et al. "Evaluation of Miami-Dade Pedestrian Safety Demonstration Project." Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2073, (1), 1-10 , Transportation Research Board , Washington, DC .
Fitzpatrick, Kay, Susan T Chrysler, Ron Van Houten, William W. Hunter, & Shawn Turner. "Evaluation of Pedestrian and Bicycle Engineering Countermeasures: Rectangular Rapid-Flashing Beacons, HAWKs, Sharrows, Crosswalk Markings, and the Development of an Evaluation Methods Report." Texas Transportation Institute , Office of Safety Research and Development, Federal Highway Administration , McLean, VA .
Hunter, William W, Raghavan Srinivasan, & Carol A Martell. "Evaluation of Rectangular Rapid Flash Beacon at Pinellas Trail Crossing in St. Petersburg, Florida." Transportation Research Record 2314 (1), 7-13 , Transportation Research Board , Washington, DC .
Turner, Shawn, Laura Sandt, Jennifer Toole, Robert Benz, & Robert Patten. "Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation, Lesson 12: Midblock Crossings." Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety Section , Federal Highway Administration , Washington, DC .
Van Houten, Ron, Richard Retting, Charles Farmer, & Joy Houten. "Field Evaluation of a Leading Pedestrian Interval Signal Phase at Three Urban Intersections." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1734, 86–92 , Transportation Research Board , Washington, DC .
Chaudhary, Nadeem A & Chi-Leung Chu. "Guidelines for Timing and Coordinating Diamond Interchanges with Adjacent Traffic Signals." Texas Transportation Institute , Texas A&M University System , Austin, TX .
Smith, Duane. "Handbook of Simplified Practice for Traffic Studies, Ch. 4: Sight Distance." Center for Transportation Research and Education , Iowa State University , Ames, IA .
CTC and Associated, LLC. "HAWK Pedestrian Signals: A Survey of National Guidance, State Practice and Related Research." Bureau of Highway Operations , Wisconsin Department of Transportation , Madison, WI .
Cheng, DingXin, Zong Z Tian, & Hongchao Liu. "Implementing Actuated Signal-Controlled Intersection Capacity Analysis with Pedestrians." Transportation Research Record , Transportation Research Board Record 2071 , Washington, DC .
Fitzpatrick, Kay, Shawn Turner, Marcus A Brewer, Paul Carlson, Brooke Ullman, Nada Trout, Eun Sug Park, Jeff Whitacre, Nazir Lalani, & Dominique Lord. "Improving Pedestrian Safety at Unsignalized Intersections." Texas Transportation Institute , Transportation Research Board , Washington, DC .
Gibbons, Ronald B, Chris Edwards, Brian Williams, & Carl K Andersen. "Informational Report on Lighting Design for Midblock Crosswalks." Virginia Tech Transportation Institute , Office of Safety Research and Development, Federal Highway Administration , McLean, VA .
Project for Public Spaces. "Lighting Use and Design." Project for Public Spaces , Project for Public Spaces , New York, NY .
Salimifard, Khodakaram & Mehdi Ansari. "Modeling and Simulation of Urban Traffic Signals." Persian Gulf University , International Journal of Modeling and Optimization, 3(2), 172-175 .
Tian, Zong. "Modeling the Effects of Pedestrians on Intersection Capacity and Delay with Actuated Signal Control." Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Highway Capacity , Japan Society of Traffic Engineers , Tokyo .
Perrin, Joseph Jr, Peter T Martin, & Blake G Hansen. "Modifying Signal Timing During Inclement Weather." Paper Presented at the 80th Annual Meeting , Transportation Research Board , Washington, DC .
Kennedy Hardy, Kelly, Slack, Kevin L., Pfefer, Ronald and Neuman, Timothy R.. "Guidance for Implementation of the AASHTO Strategic Highway Safety Plan, Volume 12: A Guide for Reducing Collisions at Signalized Intersections." National Cooperative Highway Research Program , Transportation Research Board , Washington, DC .
State of New Jersey. "Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation." New Jersey Statutes Annotated: Title 39 , State of New Jersey , Newark, NJ .
Heydecker, BG. "Objectives, Stimulus and Feedback in Signal Control of Road Traffic." Centre for Transport Studies, University College London , Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems: Technology, Planning, and Operations , London, EN .
Bremser, Gregory. "On Pedestrian Push Buttons: Small Equipment, Large Impact." Signal Service Inc. , IMSA Journal , Newark, NJ .
Lu, George (Xiao-Zhao) and David A Noyce. "Pedestrian Crossings at Mid-Block Locations: A Fuzzy Logic Solution for Existing Signal Operations." Prepared for the 88th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board , Transportation Research Board , Washington, DC .
Federal Highway Administration. "Pedestrian Safer Journey, Safety Improvement Countermeasures: Remove/Restrict Parking." Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety Section , Federal Highway Administration , Washington, DC .
Nabors, Dan, Robert Schneider, Dalia Level, Kimberly Lieberman, & Colleen Mitchell. "Pedestrian Safety Guide for Transit Agencies." Federal Highway Administration Report FHWA-SA-07-017, 1-68 , US Department of Transportation , Washington, DC .
Park, Byungkyu & Yin Chen. "Quantifying the Benefits of Coordinated Actuated Traffic Signal Systems: A Case Study." Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of Virginia , Charlottesville, VA .
Fayish, Aaron C & Frank Gross. "Safety Effectiveness of Leading Pedestrian Intervals Evaluated by a Before-After Study with Comparison Groups." Transportation Research Record , Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2198 (1), 15-22 , Washington, DC .
Varat, Adam, & Cristina Olea. "San Francisco Better Streets Plan, Ch. 6: Streetscape Elements." Planning Department, & Municipal Transportation Agency , City of San Francisco , San Francisco, CA .
Reiskin, Edward D. "Regulating The Planting, Maintenance, Or Removal Of Trees And Landscape Material On Public Sidewalk Areas And Superceding." Department of Public Works , City & County of San Francisco , San Francisco, CA .
Smith, Stephen F, Gregory J Barlow, Xiao-Feng Xie, & Zachary B. Rubinstein. "Smart Urban Signal Networks: Initial Application of the SURTRAC Adaptive Traffic Signal Control System." Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling , Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence , Rome .
MacDonald, Elizabeth, Alethea Harper, Jeff Williams, & Jason A Hayter. "Street Trees and Intersection Safety." Department of City and Regional Planning , University of California , Berkeley, CA .
Chen, Li, Cynthia Chen, & Reid Ewing. "The Relative Effectiveness of Pedestrian Safety Countermeasures at Urban Intersections-Lessons from a New York City Experience." Transportation Research Board , Transportation Research Board 2012 Annual Meeting , Washington, DC .
Bared, Joe E, & Kaisar, Evangelos I. "The Split Intersection: A Solution for a Congested Intersection." TRB Urban Street Symposium , Transportation Research Board , Washington, DC .
Bonneson, James, Sunkari, Srinivasa, & Pratt, Michael. "Traffic Signal Operations Handbook." Texas Transportation Institute, Texas A&M University , Texas Department of Transportation , Austin, TX .
Ko, Wayne, Glenn Grayson, & Scott Carlson. "Traffic Signal Priority through Signal System Control: The Glendale, California Outlook." Kimley-Horn and Associates, NM State Highway and Transportation Department, Meyer, Mohaddes Associates, & Bentley Transportation , Institute of Transportation Engineers , Washington, DC .
Gordon, Robert L. "Traffic Signal Retiming Practices in the United States ." NCHRP Synthesis 409, 12-92 , Transportation Research Board , Washington, DC .
Koonce, Peter, Lee Rodegerdts, Kevin Lee, Shaun Quayle, Scott Beaird, Cade Braud, Jim Bonneson, Phil Tarnoff, & Tom Urbanik. "Traffic Signal Timing Manual." Federal Highway Administration , U.S. Department of Transportation , Washington, DC .
Smith, Harriet R, Brendon Hemily, & Miomir Ivanovic. "Transit Signal Priority (TSP): A Planning and Implementation Handbook." ITS America , US Department of Transportation , Washington, DC .
Li, Yue; Koonce, Peter; Li, Meng; Zhou, Kun; Li, Yuwei; Beaird, Scott; Zhang, Wei-Bin; Hegen, Larry; Hu, Kang; Skabardonis, Alex; & Sun, Z. Sonja . "Transit Signal Priority Research Tools." Division of Research and Innovation, California Department of Transportation , US Department of Transportation , Washington, DC .
Portland Bureau of Transportation. "Uncontrolled Intersections and You." Bureau of Transportation , City of Portland , Portland, OR .

No results - please refine your search and try again.